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What may be the disease of the ear. Types of human ear diseases. Informative video: Hearing loss prevention

Ear disease can affect different parts of the hearing body. As pathogens, such infectious diseases with possible severe consequences, as well as various injuries, excess sound load or strong supercooling are performed.

The patient can feel pain with one or both sides of the ear, mortgage, severe dizziness, noise, possibly a decrease in auditory perception.

The human hearing body is damaged due to many factors. The main ones are:

A third-party suffering may cause suppuration on a specific stubbule;
Inflammatory process in the auditory hole;
An injury of an auditory passage, for example, in sports;
Draft (especially sensitive children);
The development of fungal disease.

The ear is a system consisting of ear shell, inner ear, nerves transmitting signals - sounds in the brain, as well as middle ear.

Outdoor ear diseases include:

Fungal otitis;
Otits the outdoor acute nature of manifestation;
Otitis as a consequence of infection penetration, including malignant;
Perichondrite;
Furuncle;
Eczema of a hearing aid or the other sink.

Often, non-national ear diseases are diagnosed in medical practice, to which they are counted:

Otosclerosis;
Senile touginess;
Cochleopathy;
Tymposoclerosis;
Meniery's disease;
Sudden deafness.

Human ear disease diagnoses and treats a otolaryngologist. This is a specialist in ear diseases, as well as throat and nose, which is also called Laura.

Only when contacting the hospital, you can say exactly about the belonging of the symptoms that have appeared to a certain group of ear diseases - an organ responsible for hearing.

Independent diagnosis, and even more so treatment, can not be in order to avoid dangerous manifestations and complications from incorrectly conducted therapy.

Ear disease in children

EH disease in children, in most cases, are inflammatory in nature, which in turn manifests itself in acute or chronic form. The general name of the occurrence of inflammation is otitis.

Most often, children with otite outdoor manifestation are treated for a specialist. There are diseases due to the penetration of infection through the skin of the auditory passage by insignificant injury, for example, during damage from combs or ears hygiene.

The skin acquires a red tint, the passage is significantly narrowed to a small slit due to the appearance of edema. Quite often, translucent fluid is distinguished.

There are often cases of external ear diseases from Streptococca A. This is a violation called grinding inflammation. Infection infection passes through the smallest damage on the skin, as well as microcracks.

Initially, the child can feel chills, it disappears natural thrust for food and the temperature rises. Visual signs: Redness of the auricle, the appearance of bubbles and edema.

In addition, the inflammation of the follicle in the area of \u200b\u200bthe auditory pass or a furuncle is believed to children's earliest disease. Sources of occurrence - reducing the protective barrier in the body, plus to the microtrauma. It is quite difficult to determine the furuncle of the unprofessional, since it is not visible outside.

It is possible to focus on indirect symptoms - pain in chewing or touches. In addition, the lymph nodes are significantly increasing.

The affectionant is opened a few days after the occurrence of which pain gradually leaves. In order not to wait for the emergence of complications and do not tolerate pain, you need to turn to a professional for fast and effective treatment.

Diseases of the inner ear

Diseases of the inner ear most often arise due to infection virus. These problems are called or labyrinthitis, or otitis. The causative agents of the disease include viral infections, for example, the most often recorded cases of influenza or measles.

In addition, patients with obvious painful manifestations are diagnosed:

The symptoms of diseases of the inner ear in different people can differ significantly. Often, pain in the head, painful nausea, ringing in ears, severe dizziness, which is one of the most common primary signs of deviations from the norm.

Often patients complain about changes in the auditory perception, which indicates the penetration of infection. The rumor can fluctuate or distort it strongly, cracking, hissing or snapshoting. It clearly indicates the problems of the inner ear excessive sensitivity to loud sounds and disorientation in space.

The symptom of deviations may be a violation of vision - a dangerous sign, focusing on which patients are not accepted to the specialist. Vision can be blurred, observation objects - double, bright light causes a sharp pain.

All this leads to frequent dizziness due to the fact that the pressure is rising on the nerves of the eye due to the emergence of the focus of inflammation.

One of the reasons for the appeal to the otolaryngologist may be the appearance of pressure on the ears and pain. Worried and pain in the head, joints and muscles, as well as neck. Often felt tingling in the field of lower extremities, palms.

In some patients, there are serious problems of psychological nature, sharp mood differences, aggressive states or inexplicable panic. The sick may lose vitality, craving for everyday life. His body tired of the slightest actions, and the depression and disorder will accompany it throughout the day.

Acute or chronic forms of inner ear diseases can manifest itself in the intolerance of the cold temperature regime, migrations and forgetful things of important things. Speech defects and confusion defects are not excluded. Signs are diverse, which leads to the complication of the proper diagnosis.

Symptoms and treatment of ear disease in adults

Common symptoms of diseases of the ears in humans are manifested in the following signs:

Convenience and noises.
Frequent pain in the ear dizziness.
Hearing reduction or partial loss.
Redness of the skin of the passage and the appearance of edema.
Increase body temperature and unpleasant itching in the area of \u200b\u200bauditory passage.
The appearance of nausea, as well as vomiting.

All this signals the presence of a problem. Symptoms of the disease of the ears in a person of the inflammatory nature of the manifestation in the outer ear are severe pain in contact with an infected site, a decrease in the hearing ability, discharge from the ear of an unpleasant odor and an increase in temperature.

If the causative agent is a fungus, then obvious signs of the presence of a disease in the body may not be. The only proof is the rapid growth of the loose structure in the area of \u200b\u200bthe auditory passage.

Treatment of ear diseases should be immediate when the initial symptoms are found. A primary specialist relieves pain through the use of funds with an anesthetic effect.

Help the nose drops with a vasoconductive action. After therapy, the patient's health can deteriorate significantly, and then the doctor will be able to prescribe a special procedure, including the piercing of the membrane with the purpose of the production of pus and reduce pressure. From this method, it is better not to refuse - the procedure will not affect the rumor, and the hole will quickly delay.

Mandatory drugs that are prescribed in most cases are antibiotics with ear disease. Some of them take inside. It:

Ampicillin;
Azithromycin;
Nystatin.

Ointment oxicort containing hydrotortisis + oxytetracycline;
Offloxacin;
Drops on alcohol - gramicidine;
Neomycin.

Increased way to combat ear inflammations is the introduction of pipette drugs in the auditory passage. The drug must be heated to degree corresponding to the human body temperature.

Diseases of the middle ear

To the most frequent diagnosed medium ear diseases include:

Otitis with the release of a gentle character;
Tuberculosis;
Mastoid in acute manifestation;
Syphilis;
Inflammation of inflammation.

Tuberculosis and syphilis of the middle ear, as well as influenza inflammation relate to specific complications occurring not so often in medical practice. In order to cure the patient and alleviate pain manifestations apply warming compresses, carry out therapy with a laser and using ultra-high frequency rays. Pretty rarely patient requires a professional surgeon intervention.

The main causes of deviations are fungi, staphylococcus, streptococcus. Chronic type inflammation can be caused by seborrhea or psoriasis. Cases of occurrence of diseases due to improper hygiene, contact with infected bacteria dirty water, dust, discharges emerging from the membrane are common.

Negative action can have a frequent use of noise products. In exceptional cases, the disease may be a consequence of injury, as well as meningitis, influenza or tuberculosis.

The prevention of medium ear diseases should include the implementation of proper hygiene, timely treatment of the disease of the nose or pharynx (all organs located near the ears). Experts recommend strengthening the body's protective barrier by proper nutrition with the inclusion of a large amount of fruits and vegetables, as well as reasonable hardening.

Most people have a disease of the ears quite often throughout their lives. Most often, inflammatory processes occur in a light or medium shape of gravity. In advanced cases, the disease is able to lead to deposits. Those whose work is associated with an elevated level of noise (builders, miners, musicians) in the risk zone. The hereditary factor is also able to cause illness of the ears.

There are several main factors that provoke a disease of the hearing organs (congenital, infectious, provoked as a result of injury). During the aless, one of the parts of the hearing body can be amazed. Infectious diseases are capable of provoking the development of the disease: influenza, cortex, meningitis, diphteria. Increased sound loads and supercooling are also able to cause the appearance of an ailment. In each case, the ear disease in adults have different symptoms and treatment.

Doctors share the diseases of the ears into several major groups. By the nature of the course, the doctors allocate two main categories of distances related to the damage to the hearing aid:

not inflammatory (otosclerosis, Menieret's disease);
inflammatory (otitis, otomycosis, hearing loss, mastoid, neuritis).

Inflammatory diseases of the ears arise as a result of transferred infectious or viral disease. Not inflammatory diseases of the ear in adults appear as a result of the hereditary factor, after the injuries suffered or with other pathologies.

Based on which part of the ear cavity was willing, distinguished diseases:

Outdoor Otit

Outdoor otitis occurs in the case of inflammation of the outer auditory pass. In this case, pus fall into the ear cavity. The patient complains of pain in the ear cavity, which can increase when soaking or pressing on the ear. When opening the mouth, painful sensations also appear.

With this form, otitis is possible itching and swelling of the ear.

Reference. The disease can manifest itself from representatives of all ages.

Treatment implies local therapy. Inserted in alcohol inserted into the auditory hole, physiotherapy is used, compresses are set, the reception of vitamins is assigned. If there is heat, the doctor prescribes antibiotics.

Middle Otitis

The average otitis appears when inflammation in the middle of the hearing body.

Infection During the cold of the nasopharynx, it falls through the Eustachiev pipe to the mucous meal of the middle ear.

In the process of the patient's disease, the shooting or pulsating pain is concerned.

When the disease is in acute form, the temperature appears about 38 degrees and above. The deterioration of hearing and ringing in the ears is another sign of the presence of a disease.

Inflammation of the middle ear is treated already in the hospital.The patient is hospitalized, and after the necessary procedures are carried out. Antibiotic therapy is most often in the form of injections.

To combat infection, antibiotics are prescribed to the patient as:, clindamycin. Remove the focus of inflammation and diclofenac or indomethacin helps to get rid of pain.

Reference. In order to remove the pus from the ear, spend.

Internal Otitis

Internal otitis (labyrinthitis) arises due to the complication after the accurauous or chronic otitis. The reason for the appearance of the ailment is to enter the inner ear, after which the inflammatory process occurs.

With a labyrinth, such symptoms arise:

noise in the ear cavity;
vomiting;
nausea;
reduction of hearing;
dizziness.

The treatment of internal otitis implies the hospitalization of the patient and compliance with the beddown. Therapy is carried out not less than 10 days. The doctor appoints antibiotics in large quantities to combat infection and dehydration therapy.

Attention! In the launched cases, Otitis leads to a loss of hearing, so it is very important to start therapy on time.

Meniery's disease

Often the disease is accompanied by a defeat of only one ear. The patient has noise in ear and hearing loss, which can over time to progress. Nausea and vomiting with the defeat of the inner ear are also observed quite often.

The patient may appear the bouts of the system dizziness, which last from several hours to several days.

If the patient is in the hospital, then it is prescribed an ultrasound impact and cryotherapy. During the attacks, the doctor sometimes prescribes a patient to use the powder of a meat. Reflexotherapy in the form of acupuncture, laser support and moxibustion also It is quite effective in this case.

Meniery's disease is a non-negative disease of the inner ear - is characterized by an increase in the volume of endolymph (labyrinth liquid) and an increase in intral abnormal pressure

Otosclerosis

In the process of the disease there is a decrease in hearing, which gradually progresses. The patient has noise in the ears, painful sensations and dizziness. At first, the hearing loss during the otosclerosis manifests itself on one ear, then the ear will deteriorate to another. The process can occupy both months and whole years.

Reference. Only surgical treatment of otosclerosis is carried out.

A doctor for improving hearing performs one of three operations:

staped plastic;
labyrinth fenestration;
mobilization of aspiring.

Otosclerosis - the pathology of the middle and inner ear - is characterized by the growth of bone tissue in the area of \u200b\u200baddiction to the oval window of the Thread

Otomikosis

In the process of the disease on the walls of the outer ear, mold or yeast fungi appear. Such phenomena can be a precursor of occurrence.

The patient has:

painful sensations;
inflammation on the skin;
purulent allocations of gray-green, black or yellow shade.

To the question "what to treat the inflammation of the ear in adults during otomikosis?" Only the otolaryngologist is able to answer correctly. Local therapy in this case implies the washing of the outer auditory passage by boric acid (3%), the reception of antifungal agents (such as causthen and).

Neuritis

In this case, there is a damage to the auditory nerve. The reason for the appearance of neuritis is able to become infectious diseases, damage to the internal and middle ear, heart disease, vessels and kidneys. Most often, no grandfather appears in the ear cavity, which is different in frequency, as well as intensity. Head gradually worsens.

Reference. When a deafness may arise for several hours or even days.

The main feature of therapy is to strengthen the blood supply to the auditory nerve. Castling and diuretic drugs help to get rid of toxins. Experts also prescribe medicines that contribute to blood microcirculation, biostimulants, vitamins and vocalizing agents.

Mastoiditis

The disease is accompanied by symptoms:

heat;
headache;
in the formation of pus;
pain in the ear;
swelling;
redness.

Reference. When pressed on the maternity process, painful sensations appear.

Ear inflammation in this case is treated with therapy aimed at improving pus outflow from the middle ear and combating purulent infection. If local therapy in the treatment of mastoid is not helped, then the operation is carried out. In this case, the doctor performs an autopsy of a preceding process.

Preventive measures

In order to avoid inflammatory processes in the hearing body, you must adhere to several basic rules. Doctors recommend in a timely manner for the treatment of infectious diseases, not to launch the illness associated with the health of the pharynx, the apparent sinuses and the nose.

Observing and personal hygiene will also easier to prevent negative consequences.

Otolaryngologists advise pay attention to such recommendations that will help avoid the disease of the ears:

Engaged in self-treatment in the presence of diseases of hearing organs is dangerous to health. Any medication reception, as well as the therapy by folk remedies, needs approval. If the patient feels any discomfort in the ear cavity, then he needs to consult a specialist to make an accurate diagnosis. Self-treatment can lead to complications, as well as hearing loss.

In order to learn how to treat the inflammation of the middle ear in an adult, you must consult a specialist. In each individual case, therapy will be different. Additionally, it is necessary to check the specialist with the one who has a large factor in the emergence of ears.

Diagnostics in the chair y and the delivery of all necessary analyzes will help identify the possibility of manifestation of pathologies. It must be remembered that in the presence of diseases of the organs of hearing, the tactics of treatment in each case will be different. Based on the fact that there is a parable (inflammatory or non-inflammatory), the recommendations of the doctor and therapy will be different.

Human auditory system is a complex device responsible for two functions - catching sounds and holding equilibrium. Ear body, unique in the complexity of the structure. It consists of three parts - outdoor, middle and inner ear. In turn, each of these departments has its own structure.

All human bodies are subject to various diseases, ears are no exception. The disease may occur in people of all ages, not once in any of the selected departments. Moreover, the provoking factor of the pathology of the organ of hearing every person can be different. To protect the hearing organs from the ailments, you need to follow hygiene, make preventive, avoid hypothermia and mechanical impact.

Ear diseases in humans are divided into the following types:

Congenital - go for heredity or are part of the complex developmental syndrome. As a rule, anomalies are associated with anatomical or physiological defects of the development of outdoor, medium or inner ear. It turns back the rumor, only by carrying out the operation or installation of the prosthesis. Read more about how the auditory apparatus works, read.
Traumatic diseases - It turns out due to external influence. There is a breakpoint rupture, due to the loud sound impact or careless cleaning of the ear of sulfur.
Infectious - Diseases become a consequence of viral and infectious pathologies.

Human ear diseases can wear an infectious or non-infectious origin, arising against the background of other ailments or develop independently. In all cases, on time, not a scored anxiety may result in the development of dangerous complications - full loss of hearing and impaired motor functions of the whole organism.

Before you know what diseases of the ear are, consider the general symptoms of the manifestation of diseases.

The structure of the ear vehicle

Signs of abnormalities

The number of ailments attacking the hearing body is much, so at the first signs you should contact the doctor. Most severe diseases have a similar clinical picture, with the following symptoms:

the appearance of sections from the ears;
ailment and different character headache;
weakness, apathy;
noise in ears;
nausea, vomiting;
krasnut, swelling, itching;
mortgage;
a slight increase in temperature;
loss of equilibrium, orientation;
reduction or loss of auditory perception;
the tingling pain, cast toward the eyes, the lower jaw or temple.

Since in the otolaryngological practice, the human ear disease is occupied by no last place, and the list of pathologies is quite wide, therefore we consider the symptoms, and the doctor should be a picture of the disease.

Ear disease is studying with its localization

Types of diseases of ear

All listed symptoms are considered an explicit feature of the failure in the hearing system, and indicates the presence of one of the diseases presented below.

Dehonomot

The disease is congenital and acquired (up to 3 years). In the first case, it arises in the womb, due to the impact on the fruit of harmful factors and viral infections.

Acquired illness goes as a complication of other diseases or the result of the impact of certain drugs on the body. Symptoms: Lack of hearing and violation of speech.

Treatment of alert little efficientBut carry out social rehabilitation in the centers, there is a helping of certain techniques of verbal speech.

Sinusitis

The disease affects the ear, but is not its disease. Sinusitis - infectious and inflammatory damage to the cavities of the nose. Symptoms: Inflammation of the nasal mucosa, feeling of squeezing and pain in the head, noise, laying in the ears.

Treatment. If the virus progresses, the doctor is prescribed antibiotics and nose drops. When the ailments appeared due to allergies, vibration or Loratadine is used, Roponont. Along the way, the sinuses are washed with dioxidine preparations, Miramistin, Furacillin.

For anesthestics of ear pain, non-steroidal preparations based on ibuprofen.

With constant nasal congestion, the mucus accumulates in the ear, which provokes pain syndrome

Evstachitis

Pathology - characterized by damage to the hearing pipe, leading to a decrease in the ventilation of the drum cavity with the development of catarrhal otitis. The painful process begins after infection.

Symptoms: The auditory perception decreases, pain in the ear, the feeling that water is present in it. During the movement of the head, the pain is enhanced. The appearance of temperature, indicates the beginning of the development of purulent otitis.

Treatment diseases of the ear of this kind, complex. Prescribed antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs. Scorching nasal drops are used, antihistamines.

Mastoiditis

It is the inflammation of the deputy head of the temporal bone of infectious genesis. A purulent process caused by pathogenic microbes occurs in the process. Symptoms Diseases: There is a change in blood tests, there is a body temperature, there is intoxication, hearing loss.

In addition, in the ear there is a pulsating pain, the sink itself is honest, appears, swelling, redness, poverty. Treatment can occur drug Or with surgical intervention.

Myign's disease

It has a negative impact on the inner ear, produces a narrowing and defeat of the vascular labyrinth. Disrupts blood circulation, leading to the accumulation of liquids in it.

Symptoms: manifests itself, periodically, accompanied by noise, mortgage, dizziness, nausea. It becomes difficult to keep an equilibrium, there is an increased irritability for loud sounds.

Treatment. This ear disease in humans is incurable to alleviate illness use antihistamines, sedatives, diuretic medicines by decision of the doctor. At the same time, mustard baths should be made, sit on a sore diet, to lead the right lifestyle and avoid sunlight.

Ear pain can irradiate on nerves from other areas

Neurit of auditory nerve

The inflammation of the proven-snelled nerve is attached to neurological diseases. Deals appear due to age-related changes, inflammatory processes, injuries. Symptoms Neuritis is the weakening of perception, the appearance of "flies" before the eyes, dull headaches, noise, dizziness.

Treatment. After the diagnosis, the doctor sends to the examination, and then according to its results determines drug therapy. Medicines are discharged to expand the vessels and enhancing the blood supply to the auditory nerve.

Moreover, if you begin to act at first, you can avoid touginess. During severe auditory nerve intoxication, preparations are prescribed to eliminate toxins. With secondary infection, biogenic stimulants and vitamins are prescribed, which are aimed at preventing the death of the auditory nerve.

Today, with many diseases of the non-inflammatory nature, medicine is struggling with laser exposure, ultrasound, endoscopic intervention. Sometimes radio wave operations are used. Such techniques manage to return the rumor even to those people who completely lost it.

Otiti

Otitis is the most common disease of the earThe treatment is chosen from into which part of the auditory body is inflammation. Separate outdoor, medium, internal otitis. Thus, the first type of disease appears in the form of a junction on an external hearing aisle.

Symptoms. During the affecting of the auditory body, pain arises, unpleasant sensations are noticeable when opening the mouth, it is itching and pus.

Treatment. It is washed with an ear with furacilin solutions or boric acid, antibiotics are taken, physiothereders are carried out, warming compresses are superimposed.

Manifestation of outdoor otita

The second type of disease appears due to pathogenic microorganisms. Irriters when entering the middle ear, the pipe is caught on Eustachiyev.

Symptoms are manifested in the alend stage.

In the first, there is a deterioration in hearing, intensive pain that shoots the head, an increase in temperature.
At the second stage, the poverty begins, and the pain and temperature go.
For the third, allocations are stopped, the perception of hearing is noticeably reduced.

Treatment. Using painkillers, antibiotics, vasoconductive drugs. If drug treatment does not help carry out the conclusion of the pus.

Labyrinthitis is an internal otitiswho called the name due to the fact that the process of inflammation affects the internally ear. Symptoms Manifest themselves in dizziness, noise, equilibrium loss, nausea and vomiting. The skin color changes, there are unpleasant sensations in the heart area.

Treatment Conducted antibiotics and vestbulolithics.

Fungus in ears or otomycosis

Otomicosis is an active alien microflora On the membranes and walls of the passage. Provocateurs of such angle are mold and yeast-like mushrooms, their appearance begins after disrupting the natural micrafalore in the area of \u200b\u200bthe auditory body.

Symptoms. At the initial stage, it is itching and concrete, a crust and traffic jam is formed, then the ear swells, they begin to leave the selection, the skin is made dry. A favorable medium for infection create diseases such as decrease in immunity, AIDS, oncological diseases and diabetes mellitus.

The more mucus goes, the stronger the fungal infection flows, and the attempts to remove it by the ear rod, lead to greater pushing the bacteria in the ear.

Treatment of illness is complex. After diagnosing the doctor assigns a way to eliminate bacteria. With medication treatment, semicapartic compresses, anesthetics, antibiotics and drops are prescribed.

Ear damage fungal infection